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A Tiger in the Zoo – Class 10 English (Full Poem, Stanza-wise Explanation

A Tiger in The Zoo

Class 10 English – Poem 3: A Tiger in the Zoo

By Leslie Norris • Original Poem • Stanza-wise Explanation • Hard Words • FULL NCERT Q&A (Bilingual) • Devices

🐅 Original Poem Text (NCERT 2024–25)

He stalks in his vivid stripes
The few steps of his cage,
On pads of velvet quiet,
In his quiet rage.

He should be lurking in shadow,
Sliding through long grass
Near the water hole
Where plump deer pass.

He should be snarling around houses
At the jungle’s edge,
Baring his white fangs, his claws,
Terrorising the village!

But he’s locked in a concrete cell,
His strength behind bars,
Stalking the length of his cage,
Ignoring visitors.

He hears the last voice at night,
The patrolling cars,
And stares with his brilliant eyes
At the brilliant stars.

— Leslie Norris

📚 Stanza-wise Explanation (English + Hindi)

Stanza 1

EN: The tiger walks silently inside a tiny cage. His stripes are vivid, but his steps are few; his anger is suppressed into a “quiet rage”.

HI: बाघ छोटे पिंजरे में चुपचाप चलता है। धारियाँ चमकीली हैं, पर कदम सीमित हैं; उसका क्रोध “शांत क्रोध” बनकर दबा हुआ है।

Stanza 2

EN: Ideally, he should be free in the jungle—hiding in shadows, sliding through long grass, waiting near a waterhole for deer to pass.

HI: आदर्श रूप से वह जंगल में स्वतंत्र रहे—छाया में घात लगाए, लंबी घास से सरकता हुआ, जलाशय के पास हिरन का इंतजार करता।

Stanza 3

EN: He should roam fearlessly at the jungle’s edge near houses, showing his white fangs and claws, terrorising the village.

HI: उसे जंगल की सीमा पर घरों के पास निडर घूमना चाहिए, अपने सफेद दाँत और पंजे दिखाते हुए गाँव में भय पैदा करना चाहिए।

Stanza 4

EN: Instead, he is locked in a concrete cell. His strength is wasted behind bars; he keeps pacing the cage and ignores visitors.

HI: परंतु वह सीमेंट के पिंजरे में बंद है। उसकी शक्ति सलाखों के पीछे बेकार है; वह पिंजरे की लंबाई नापता रहता है और दर्शकों को अनदेखा करता है।

Stanza 5

EN: At night he hears patrolling cars and stares at the brilliant stars—symbolising his longing for vast, free nature beyond captivity.

HI: रात में वह गश्ती गाड़ियों की आवाज़ें सुनता है और चमकते सितारों को निहारता है—जो कैद से परे विस्तृत, मुक्त प्रकृति की उसकी चाह दर्शाते हैं।

🧩 Hard Words & Meanings (कठिन शब्द और अर्थ)

Word / PhraseMeaning (EN)हिन्दी अर्थ
stalksmoves silently to huntघात लगाकर चुपचाप चलना
vivid stripesbright, clear stripesचमकीली/स्पष्ट धारियाँ
pads of velvet quietpaws moving as softly as velvetमखमली-सी नीरव चाल
lurkinghiding and waiting to attackघात लगाना
plump (deer)fat and healthyमोटा-ताज़ा
snarlingangry growlingगरजना/घुरघुराना
fangslong sharp teethनुकीले दाँत
concrete cellcemented cage roomसीमेंट का बना कक्ष/पिंजरा
patrolling carssecurity vehicles moving aroundगश्ती गाड़ियाँ
brilliant (eyes/stars)very bright, shiningअत्यंत चमकदार

💬 NCERT Questions — Full Original Text + Hindi Meanings + Bilingual Answers

1. Read the poem again, and work in pairs or groups to do the following tasks.
(i) Find the words that describe the movements and actions of the tiger in the cage and in the wild. Arrange them in two columns.
(ii) Find the words that describe the two places, and arrange them in two columns.
Now try to share ideas about how the poet uses words and images to contrast the two situations.

प्रश्न का हिन्दी अर्थ: (i) पिंजरे और जंगल में बाघ की क्रियाएँ/गतियाँ बताने वाले शब्द दो स्तम्भों में लिखिए। (ii) दोनों स्थानों का वर्णन करने वाले शब्द दो स्तम्भों में लिखिए। फिर बताएँ, कवि ने शब्दों/चित्रों से दोनों स्थितियों का विरोध कैसे दिखाया है।

✅ (i) Words for movements/actions

Tiger in the cage Tiger in the wild
stalks (the few steps), on pads of velvet quiet, in his quiet rage,
locked (in a concrete cell), his strength behind bars,
stalking the length of his cage, ignoring visitors,
hears (the last voice / patrolling cars), stares (with brilliant eyes)
lurking (in shadow), sliding (through long grass),
near the water hole (waiting), where plump deer pass,
snarling (around houses), baring (his white fangs, his claws),
terrorising (the village)

✅ (ii) Words for places

Zoo Jungle
cage, concrete cell, bars, visitors shadow, long grass, water hole, village, jungle’s edge, houses

Answer (EN): The poet’s diction/images highlight captivity vs freedom. The zoo words show limits and silence; the jungle words show stealth, power and natural behaviour.
उत्तर (HI): कवि की शब्दचयन/प्रतिमाएँ कैद बनाम स्वतंत्रता को उभारती हैं—चिड़ियाघर के शब्द सीमाएँ/नीरवता दिखाते हैं, जंगल के शब्द स्वाभाविक, शक्तिशाली, गुप्त गति को।


2. Notice the use of a word repeated in lines such as these:
(i) On pads of velvet quiet, / In his quiet rage.
(ii) And stares with his brilliant eyes / At the brilliant stars.
What do you think is the effect of this repetition?

प्रश्न का हिन्दी अर्थ: “quiet/quiet”, “brilliant/brilliant” जैसे दोहराव का प्रभाव क्या है?

Answer (EN): Repetition intensifies meaning and contrast: outward “quiet” vs inner “rage”; “brilliant” eyes vs “brilliant” stars suggest longing for the vast free world beyond bars.
उत्तर (HI): दोहराव अर्थ और विरोध को प्रबल करता है: बाहरी “शांति” बनाम भीतर “क्रोध”; “चमकीली” आँखें और “चमकीले” सितारे—कैद के पार मुक्त दुनिया की चाह।


3. Read the following two poems — one about a tiger and the other about a panther. Then discuss:
Are zoos necessary for the protection or conservation of some species of animals? Are they useful for educating the public? Are there alternatives to zoos?

प्रश्न का हिन्दी अर्थ: दोनों कविताएँ पढ़कर चर्चा करें—क्या चिड़ियाघर संरक्षण/शिक्षा के लिए आवश्यक हैं? क्या इनके विकल्प हैं?

Answer (EN): Zoos can conserve endangered species and educate people, but captivity restricts natural behaviour. Better alternatives include large wildlife sanctuaries, safari parks, protected reserves, and ethical ex-situ breeding with rewilding goals.
उत्तर (HI): चिड़ियाघर संरक्षण/जागरूकता में सहायक हैं, पर कैद स्वाभाविक व्यवहार रोकती है। बड़े वन्यजीव अभयारण्य, सफारी पार्क, आरक्षित क्षेत्र और पुनर्वन्यीकरण वाले नैतिक कार्यक्रम बेहतर विकल्प हैं।


4. Take a point of view for or against zoos, or even consider both points of view and write a couple of paragraphs or speak about this topic for a couple of minutes in class.

प्रश्न का हिन्दी अर्थ: चिड़ियाघरों के पक्ष/विपक्ष (या दोनों) पर 1–2 अनुच्छेद लिखें/कक्षा में बोलें।

Model Answer (EN): For zoos: They support breeding of endangered species, veterinary care, and public awareness. Against zoos: Captivity causes stress and curtails freedom. Balanced view: Prefer sanctuaries/reserves that protect both animals and habitats; use zoos only as ethical, temporary conservation hubs.

नमूना उत्तर (HI): पक्ष में: संकटग्रस्त प्रजातियों का प्रजनन, उपचार, जन-जागरूकता। विपक्ष में: कैद तनाव व स्वतंत्रता हानि। संतुलित: अभयारण्य/आरक्षित क्षेत्र बेहतर; चिड़ियाघर केवल नैतिक, अस्थायी संरक्षण हेतु।

✍️ Poetic Devices & Rhyme Scheme

DeviceExample from PoemExplanation
Alliteration“stalks in his vivid stripes”‘s’ sound repetition adds rhythm.
Metaphor“pads of velvet quiet”paws compared to soft velvet.
Imagery“Sliding through long grass”Strong visual of jungle stealth.
Personification“He hears the last voice at night”Human-like awareness/emotion.
ContrastZoo vs JungleCaptivity vs Freedom (central theme).
Rhyme SchemeABCB (each stanza)Simple pattern; calm tone vs sad content.

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