Apni Govt

Class 9 Beehive — Poem Wind (Subramania Bharati)

Class 9 Beehive — Wind (Subramania Bharati)

Hindi Explanation • Word Meanings • Literary Devices • NCERT Q&A

About the Poet & Translator

Subramania Bharati (1882–1921) — महान तमिल कवि, स्वतंत्रता-पूर्व काल में अपने प्रखर देशभक्ति-गीतों के लिए प्रसिद्ध।
A.K. Ramanujan — कन्नड़/अंग्रेज़ी कवि; शास्त्रीय व आधुनिक काव्य के उत्कृष्ट अनुवादक।

Original Poem (as provided)

The wind blows strongly and causes a lot of destruction. How can we make friends with it? Wind, come softly. Don’t break the shutters of the windows. Don’t scatter the papers. Don’t throw down the books on the shelf. There, look what you did — you threw them all down. You tore the pages of the books. You brought rain again. You’re very clever at poking fun at weaklings. Frail crumbling houses, crumbling doors, crumbling rafters, crumbling wood, crumbling bodies, crumbling lives, crumbling hearts — the wind god winnows and crushes them all. He won’t do what you tell him. So, come, let’s build strong homes, Let’s joint the doors firmly. Practise to firm the body. Make the heart steadfast. Do this, and the wind will be friends with us. The wind blows out weak fires. He makes strong fires roar and flourish. His friendship is good. We praise him every day. — SUBRAMANIA BHARATI (tr. A.K. Ramanujan)
“The tree on the mountain takes whatever the weather brings… it puts down roots as deeply as possible.” — Corrie ten Boom

Vocabulary (Hard Words with Hindi)

Word Pronunciation Hindi Meaning Use in Poem
scatterस्कैटरबिखेरनाscatter the papers
raftersरैफ्टर्सछप्पर/छत की बलियाँcrumbling rafters
crumblingक्रम्बलिंगटूटता-बिखरताcrumbling houses… hearts
winnowविन्नोफटकना/छाँटनाwind god winnows
steadfastस्टेडफास्टदृढ़/अटलmake the heart steadfast
flourishफ़्लरिशफलना-फूलना/प्रफुल्लित होनाfires… roar and flourish
weaklingsवीक्लिंग्सकमज़ोर लोग/वस्तुएँpoking fun at weaklings

Stanza-wise Explanation (Hindi)

Stanza 1 (Lines: “Wind, come softly” … “winnows and crushes them all.”)

कवि शुरुआत में हवा से विनती करता है कि धीरे चलो—काग़ज़ न उड़ाओ, किताबें न गिराओ, पन्ने न फाड़ो। फिर वह बताता है कि तेज हवा कमज़ोर चीज़ों/लोगों का मज़ाक बनाती है—कमज़ोर घर, दरवाज़े, लकड़ी, शरीर, ज़िंदगियाँ और दिल सब बिखर जाते हैं। यहाँ wind-god रूपक में मुसीबतों/चुनौतियों का प्रतीक है, जो कमज़ोरों को छाँट देता है (winnow) और कुचल देता है।

Stanza 2 (Lines: “He won’t do what you tell him” … “wind will be friends with us.”)

हवा हमारे कहने से नहीं चलेगी। इसलिए कवि सलाह देता है—मज़बूत घर बनाओ, दरवाज़ों को कसकर जोड़ो, शरीर को अभ्यास से मजबूत करो और दिल को दृढ़ बनाओ। जब हम खुद मज़बूत होंगे, तब हवा (मुसीबतें) हमारी दुश्मन नहीं, दोस्त बन जाएगी।

Stanza 3 (Lines: “The wind blows out weak fires” … end)

हवा कमज़ोर दीयों को बुझा देती है, पर मजबूत आग को और प्रचंड बना देती है। अर्थात कठिनाइयाँ दुर्बल को तोड़ती हैं, पर दृढ़ व्यक्तित्व को और निखार देती हैं। इसलिए हम हवा (चुनौतियों) की मित्रता का सम्मान करते हैं।

Literary Devices / Poetic Features

  • Personification: हवा को “he” कहकर मनुष्य के गुण दिए (orders नहीं मानता, दोस्त बनता है)।
  • Repetition / Anaphora: “crumbling” का बार-बार प्रयोग—कमज़ोरी/टूटन को रेखांकित करता है।
  • Metaphor: हवा = विपत्ति/जीवन-चुनौतियाँ; weak/strong fire = कमजोर/मजबूत व्यक्तित्व।
  • Alliteration: wind… winnows (w ध्वनि), weak… winds
  • Imagery: टूटते घर-दरवाज़े, उड़ते कागज़, धधकती अग्नि—दृश्यात्मकता।
  • Tone shift: प्रारम्भ में विनती/हल्की झुँझलाहट → बाद में प्रेरक/उपदेशात्मक।
  • Enjambment: विचार पंक्तियों को पार करके आगे बढ़ते हैं (लंबे वाक्य)।
  • Rhyme Scheme: मुक्तछंद (Free verse)—स्थिर तुक नहीं।

Theme, Central Idea & Message

कविता का केंद्रबिंदु है—दृढ़ता (Resilience)। जीवन की आँधियाँ (समस्याएँ) कमज़ोरों को गिरा देती हैं, पर जो मन-तन से मजबूत हैं, वे और निखरते हैं। संदेश: खुद को मजबूत बनाइए—तभी विपत्तियाँ मित्र बनेंगी और आपको आगे बढ़ाएँगी।

Summary (English): The poet requests the wind to be gentle, shows how it destroys the weak, and finally advises us to build strength in body, mind and homes so that challenges become our allies. The wind extinguishes weak fires but makes strong ones roar.

Thinking about the Poem — NCERT Q&A (Solved)

I. Comprehension

  1. What are the things the wind does in the first stanza?
    It breaks shutters, scatters papers, throws books, tears pages, brings rain, and mocks the weak—winnowing/crushing frail things.
  2. Have you seen anybody winnow grain? Word for winnowing? Tools?
    Yes. In Hindi it’s often called धान/अनाज फटकना या ओसाना. People use a सूप/सूपा/छाज (winnowing basket) or fan to separate husk from grain.
  3. What does the poet say the wind-god winnows?
    Frail/crumbling things: weak houses, doors, rafters, wood, bodies, lives, hearts—symbolically, weak people and structures.
  4. What should we do to make friends with the wind?
    Build strong homes, fasten doors firmly, strengthen body through practice, and make the heart steadfast—i.e., become resilient.
  5. Meaning of the last four lines?
    Wind extinguishes the weak but strengthens the strong; challenges test us—if we are firm, they help us grow and flourish.
  6. How does the poet speak to the wind—anger or humour? Your response?
    There’s mild rebuke and playful humour initially; finally, a practical, motivational tone. Personally too, we often see “winds” (hard times) crumbling lives; the right response is to build inner strength—like the poet advises.

II. Language Link

The original is in Tamil; many Indian languages have similar poems on courage/steadfastness. (उदा., हिंदी में “आदर्श”/“प्रेरणा” विषयक कविताएँ – अपनी भाषा से कोई उदाहरण जोड़ें।)

Activities (Classroom/Exam Practice)

A. Short Tasks

  • Write 5–6 lines on: “How to become a strong fire in life”.
  • Find 3 more examples of personification from other poems you’ve read.
  • Make a T-chart: Weak vs Strong (things/traits that wind destroys vs strengthens).

B. HOTS (Higher Order Thinking)

Explain how “wind” can be a metaphor for exams, failures, social pressure, or change. Give real examples where hardship made you (or someone you know) stronger.

Prepared for quick classroom/WordPress use — clean formatting, clear Hindi explanation, and exam-oriented NCERT Q&A.

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